中国黄土剖面趋磁细菌的组成特征与生态意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

贾蓉芬  彭先芝  高梅影  戴顺英 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,20(4):428-432

选择中国的黄土-古土壤序列的超磁细菌作为研究对象，以透射电镜、扫描电镜、生化实验和有机地球化学方法先后研究了从黄土地区陕西段家坡、甘肃西峰以及陕西洛川富集的趋磁细菌，结果表明，虽然趋磁细菌在黄土和古土壤层的形态有所差异，但它们均由细胞膜、细胞质和沿长轴排列的磁小体与气泡组成，在适宜的条件下它能生长出较多的磁小体。磁小体由氧化铁组成，并可从体内排出，使环境中部分Fe^2 转变为Fe^3 ，促使地层磁化率增高，尤其在古土壤层段，中国黄土剖面中趋磁细菌的产量是地表温度、湿度、pH、铁含量的函数，与湖沼中的趋磁菌相比，它在菌体形态、磁小体的数量与排列方式上有很大差距，因而中国西北黄土地区的趋磁细菌是典型的生态物种。  相似文献   

新疆北疆地表水资源时空分布及变化特征初探     

袁玉江  胡列群  李江风 《冰川冻土》1997,(3)

采用经验正交函数展开分析了新疆北疆地表水资源的时空分布特征，将北疆地表水资源序列由２５０ａ延长到４１２ａ，并首次提出了将两个来自不同树轮年表的重建序列进行合并所应满足的条件。分析了４１２ａ来北疆地表水资源的突变与渐变特征，对其形成了一些新认识，较之以前的工作取得了一些新进展。  相似文献   

Seismogenic structures activated during the 1987 seismic sequences along the Adriatic coast   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. Console  R. Di Giovambattista  P. Favali  G. Smriglio 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,108(1):379-386

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湘中下石炭统测水组沉积层序及幕式聚煤作用   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

邵龙义  张鹏飞等 《地质论评》1992,38(1):52-59

下石炭统测水组是我国南方主要含煤地层之一，煤系及煤层在湘中地区发育最佳，该区测水组形成于碎屑滨岸障壁－泻湖沉积体系中。文中对测水组沉积层序及其所反映的海平面变化历史进行了分析，提出测水组上段底部砂岩是海侵背景下形成的障壁砂坝或障璧岛，其底部侵蚀面是海侵冲刷面（ravinement surface)。同时提出测水组下段三、五煤层的形成与受海平面变化控制的幕式聚煤作用（episodie coal accumulation)有关，后者系指海平面下降阶段横跨不同相区的区域性聚煤作用。  相似文献   

From river to shelf,anatomy of a high‐frequency depositional sequence: The Late Pleistocene to Holocene Tiber depositional sequence          下载免费PDF全文

Salvatore Milli  Marco Mancini  Massimiliano Moscatelli  Francesco Stigliano  Mattia Marini  Gian Paolo Cavinato 《Sedimentology》2016,63(7):1886-1928

The Late Pleistocene/Holocene Tiber delta succession represents the most recent and one of the best preserved, high‐frequency/low‐rank depositional sequences developed along the Latium continental margin of the Italian peninsula. Several previous studies have established a robust data set from which it has been possible to describe the stratigraphic architecture of the entire Tiber depositional sequence from the landward to seaward sectors and over a distance of 60 km. The Tiber depositional sequence shows many characteristics found in other Late Pleistocene to Holocene deltaic and coastal successions of the Mediterranean area. The stratigraphic architecture of the Tiber depositional sequence is controlled mainly by glacioeustasy, although factors such as tectonic uplift, volcanism and subsidence, exert an influence at a local scale. The resulting depositional model allowed discussion of some important points such as: (1) the genesis of the Tiber mixed bedrock‐alluvial valley, extending from the coastal plain to the innermost portion of the shelf, recording (i) multiple episodes of incision during relative sea‐level fall, and (ii) a downstream increase of depth and width of the valley during the base‐level fall and the subsequent base‐level rise; (2) the different physical expression of the Tiber depositional sequence boundary from landward to seaward, and its diachronous and composite character; (3) the maximum depth reached by the Tiber early lowstand delta at the end of the sea‐level fall is estimated at ca 90 m below the present sea‐level and not at 120 m as suggested by previous works; (4) the backward position of the Tiber late lowstand delta relative to the deposit of early lowstand; (5) the change of the channel pattern and of the stacking pattern of fluvial deposits within the Lowstand Systems Tract, Transgressive Systems Tract and Highstand Systems Tract. All of these features indicate that the Late Pleistocene/Holocene Tiber delta succession, even if deposited in a short period of time from a geological point of view, represents the result of the close interaction among many autogenic and allogenic factors. However, global eustatic variations and sediment supply under the control of climatic changes can be considered the main factors responsible for the stratigraphic architecture of this sedimentary succession, which has been heavily modified by human activity only in the last 3000 years.  相似文献   

结合水平集与光流的序列影像运动分割技术研究     

刘冰  余旭初  张鹏强  秦进春 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(4)

提出一种结合变分水平集分割与变分光流的运动分割方法。该方法将光流能量函数与水平集分割能量函数进行整合形成新的运动分割能量函数,并采用变分方法进行优化。采用无人机序列影像对该运动分割方法进行实验分析,实验结果表明该方法在目标运动位移过大时,既能准确地估计出运动矢量,又能精确地分割出目标区域。  相似文献   

南冲绳海槽地震反射波特征及其地质解释     

刘建华 《海洋学研究》2001,19(1):19-26

对南冲绳海槽进行反射地震调查 ,结果表明 :(1 )海槽盖层主要由反射层组 (时代相当于第四纪 )和反射层组 (时代相当于上新世 )组成 ,推测槽底局部存在中新统。槽底沉积物主要源自中国大陆。轴部目前仍处在裂陷作用阶段 ;(2 )断裂极为发育 ,可分 NE— SW向(西南端转为近 E— W向 )和 NW— SE向两组 ,分别属张性及张扭性断裂 ,后者切割前者 ;(3)岩浆活动十分强烈 ,东南缘岩浆活动尤甚 ,推测其岩性以中、基性岩为主  相似文献   

南美奥连特盆地16区块构造沉积特征及石油地质评价     

任凤楼  柳忠泉  王大华  张交东  刘汝强 《海洋地质译丛》2010,(1):1-7

以该盆地中心16区块为例，分析了其构造-沉积发育史及石油地质要素。研究表明该区前白垩系为断陷-裂陷盆地，白垩系为稳定的被动大陆边缘，新生界为前陆盆地。将主要目的层白垩系划分析5个层序，主要是河流-受潮汐控制的河口湾、三角洲-大陆架沉积，海平面相对升降变化决定了沉积体系的时空演化进而决定生储盖配置。含油气系统主力烃源岩为白垩系浅海相泥页及灰岩。产层为白垩系的河流相、海陆交替相和海相砂岩（NAPO组和HOLLIN组），其中，HOLLIN组和M段为低位期底积层，分布广泛，为主要侧向运移输导层。海陆交替相的潮汐水道砂一滨岸砂坝-障壁砂坝为主要储层，断层控制水道砂岩分布，来自断层的烃类与厚层优质砂岩及浅海泥岩、泥灰岩形成良好生储盖配置，斜坡带走滑断层和山前带逆冲断层为垂向输导层。盖层（亦为烃源岩层）为白垩系各旋回海侵期页岩或（泥）灰岩，稳定，封盖性好。晚白垩纪-渐新世（早安第斯期）为生排烃高峰期，中新世以后形成的圈闭不利于捕集油气。  相似文献   

Initiation and early evolution of a forearc basin: Georgia Basin,Canada     

Bryan A. P. Kent  Shahin E. Dashtgard  Chuqiao Huang  James A. MacEachern  H. Dan Gibson  Gwyneth Cathyl-Huhn 《Basin Research》2020,32(1):163-185

The lower Nanaimo Group was deposited in the (forearc) Georgia Basin, Canada and records the basin's initiation and early depositional evolution. Nanaimo Group strata are subdivided into 11 lithostratigraphic units, which are identified based on lithology, paleontology, texture and position relative to both the basal nonconformity and to each other. Significant topography on the basal nonconformity, however, has resulted in assignment of lithostratigraphic units that are not time correlative, and hence, cannot reliably be used to accurately reconstruct basin evolution. Herein, we present a sequence stratigraphic framework for lower Nanaimo Group strata in the Comox Sub-Basin (northern Georgia Basin) that integrates both facies analysis and maximum depositional ages (MDAs) derived from detrital zircon. This stratigraphic framework is used to define significant sub-basin-wide surfaces that bound depositional units and record the evolution of the basin during its early stages of development. Seven distinct depositional phases are identified in the lower 700 m of the lower Nanaimo Group. Depositional phases are separated by marine flooding surfaces, regressive surfaces, or disconformities. The overall stratigraphy reflects net transgression manifested as an upwards transition from braided fluvial conglomerates to marine mudstones. Transgression was interrupted by periods of shoreline progradation, and both facies analysis and MDAs reveal a disconformity in the lowermost part of the Nanaimo Group in the Comox Sub-Basin. Stratigraphic reconstruction of the Comox Sub-Basin reveals two dominant depocenters (along depositional strike) for coarse clastics (sandstones and conglomerates) during early development of the Georgia Basin. The development and position of these depocenters is attributed to subduction/tectonism driving both subsidence in the north-northwest and uplift in the central Comox Sub-Basin. Our work confirms that in its earliest stages of development, the Georgia Basin evolved from an underfilled, ridged forearc basin that experienced slow and stepwise drowning to a shoal-water ridged forearc basin that experienced rapid subsidence. We also propose that the Georgia Basin is a reasonable analogue for ridged forearc basins globally, as many ridged forearcs record similar depositional histories during their early evolution.  相似文献   

“等待时间”强余震预测方法的改进与应用——以尼泊尔地震为例     

刘珠妹  李盛乐 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(4):552-556

在对"等待时间法"进行残差结构分析的基础上提出基于加权最小二乘拟合的模型改进方法,并将其应用于尼泊尔地震的强余震预测。结果表明,由模型误差转换至时间误差具有ln10·Δt倍的缩放效果,选择主震后3d内的余震样本进行强余震预测结果较为可信。实际震例表明,加权最小二乘模型可以有效降低模型预测误差,缩小预测值置信区间,从而提高预测的实用性。  相似文献